SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

OVERVIEW:

            As per the definition provided by the Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling) Rules-2000 of Government of India, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) includes commercial and residential wastes generated in municipal or notified areas in either solid or semi-solid form excluding industrial hazardous wastes but including treated biomedical wastes.

            In Gangavathi city 33 T of Solid Waste is generated daily.  The municipal solid waste mainly comprises waste from households, markets, commercial establishments such as shops, hotels, restaurants (Khanavalis) and street sweeping and drain cleanings in the town.  In addition, due to the presence of APMC market and organization of weekly (Sunday) market, the city receives around 2000 floating population per day from surrounding areas.

            CMC’s health department, headed by Environmental Engineer, is responsible for the solid waste management in the town for the efficient administration and for day-to-day operational purposes, the town has been devided in 4 sanitary zones covering 31 wards of Gangavathi CMC.

COMPOSITION OF WASTE:

            In Gangavathi, major source of waste generatoin, as in any typical  Indian cities, has been the households.  As far as industrial sector is concerned, CMC Gangavathi has not been involved in industrial solid waste handling activities.

            Since the economies of the town are basically from agricultural sector and it is expected that the waste generated by Gangavathi town contain large quantities of organic waste.  The MSW largely contains organic waste from households and markets (65%) commercial waste like paper, plastic, rags, etc.(20%) and inert materials like sand, stones and silt from street sweeping and drain cleaning activities. (15%).

EXISTING SCENERIO OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN GVT:

            The Solid Waste Management consists of collection, transportation and disposal of MSW.  At present, CMC doesn’t have designated primary collection system.  The individual households dispose their waste ito the street dustbins provided by the CMC.  The details of primary collection points provided by the CMC are given in the table below:

            Though the local body has provided dustbins, many households, shops and commercial establishments throw the waste into the streets, drains and open spaces within the locality creating filthy and unhealthy conditions.

            One of the major activities in the solid waste management is the street sweeping activity, which is time consuming and labor intensive.  In addition to street sweeping, due to open drain system of sewage collection, drain desilting is also essential.  The total length of municipal roads and streets in Gangavathi is about 220 kms.

            Waste is collected from dustbins and open dumping sites in the town and manually loaded into the transportation vehicles.  In addition to designated dustbins provided by the CMC, there are No. of places where people dump the waste.  Waste is also collected from these undesignated waste dumping points and transported to dumping site.  The frequency of waste collection from the dustbins and other dumping points in the town varies from one day to twice-a-week, depending on the quantity of waste accumutation and the locality.  The waste from prime residential locations, commercial areas, public places like markets, bus stand etc. is collected daily.  The frequency of waste collection from other residential areas in the town is once far 2 days i.e. alternative days.  Waste from isolated and remote residential areas of the town is collected twice a week or even more depending on the quantity of waste generated.

            In Gangavathi, as in most of the urban local bodies(ULB’s) in the state, waste transportation is being carried out using open vehicles.  The CMC presently engages 3 vehicles for solid waste transportation of the total gerated 33 T of waste, 27 tons is collected and transported to the site.

            At present, CMC is not practicing any scientific safe solid waste disposal methods.  The waste collected from various parts of the city is transported and is being directly disposed off by crude dumping along Durgamma Halla and low lying areas of the town.  Presently the dumping activities are going on at the following locations;

                         i) Bhagat Singh nagar

                        ii) HRS Camp Extension Area

                       iii) Grave yard

                       iv) Koppal road

                        v) Along Durgamma Halla

            Also, owners of private lands located in low-lying areas request the CMC to dispose the waste in their properties to increase the level of land.  Since there is no dumping site available with CMC for disposal of solid waste, CMC is disposing the solid waste into private low lying areas.  

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (Nirmal Nagar Project):-

            Municipal Solid Waste Management MSWM) is one of the most pressing problems for any urban centre in India.  With rapid urbanization, changing lifestyles, handling municipal solid waste (MSW) has assumed the proportion of a major organizational financial and environmental challenge over the past few years.

            MSWM practices in India are employee intensive, with an estimated 50% of the total municipal staff engaged in these activities.  With most ULB’s restricting new recruitment in the recent past, even this staff is less than desired as per norms.  The implements, machinery and equipment used by staff are mostly of outdated technology and serve poorly in meeting the new demands.

            As the onus of  MSWM has been assumed by ULB’s, participation of other stakeholders (waste generators NGOs, Private entities) is minimal and all these factors have hampered the efficient delivery of MSWM services.  There is an urgent need to revisit, develop and implement appropriate strategy for effectively handling MSW.

            Keeping in view the environmental degradation due to unscientific disposal of MSW, the ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF), Govt. of India, has notified the Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules-2000 requiring all municipal authorities to scientifically manage MSW.

 OBJECTIVE OF MSWM STATE PLAN:

            The goal of effective MSWM services is to protect public health and natural resources (Water, Land, Air) by improving MSWM activities by reducing waste generation, separation of MSW and recyclable material and recovery of compost and energy.

TOUCHSTONE PRINCIPLES OF MSWM ACTION PLAN:

            The touchstones principles, which govern the future approaches to provision of MSWM services, and to meet atatutory objectives, include the following;

(a) Promote awareness of waste management principles to citizens and other stakeholders.

(b) Munimise multiple and manual handling of waste and design a system to ensure MSW         does not touch the ground till treatment and final disposal.

(c) Define the roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders and put in place an operating       framework including appropriate contractual structures.

(d) Develop systems for effective resources utilization and deployment.

(e) Promote recovery of value from MSW, develop treatment and final disposal facilities in a       manner, which is sustainable, environmentally friendly and economical and adhering to       the statutory requirements.

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN:

            Under the objectives and principles of MSWM in Nirmal Nagar Project the various steps to be taken for effective implementation of the IMSWM project in Gangavathi CMC limits is summarizes as follows;

Step-1: Stakeholder involvement:

             MSWM depends upon organization and co-operation b/w  households, communities, NGO’s and the ULB.

(i) As per the state plan, the waste management initiator is at the waste generator level and       entrusting the SHG/RWA for source segregation and primary collection.

(ii) It is proposed to utilize the services of NGOs to operate b/w the ULB, community and       SHG/RWA to propagate the awaeness program, lIEC campaign.

Step-2: Information, Education and Communication Activity:

            IEC is the key to success of the modernization of MSWM.  Awaremess amongst community and different stakeholders to meet the demands of the new system for cleaner environment requires a detailed and trough understanding at every stage.  Involvement of community is going to be the main thrust in the program.

Step-3: Primary Collection:

            The principle of reducing manual handling and doorstep collection would be promoted for this purpose, various activities proposed include the following;

(i) Residents would be encouraged to segregate, store and deliver the MSW to Primary      collection staff as per guidelines set out by ULB.

(ii) In slum areas, the MSW will be collected in 520 No.s HDPE bins by bring system.  This       task will be done by the municipal staff using 6 no.s pushcart and 9 nos tricycle (slum       households : 10205 nos).

(iii) 13/14 no.s SHG groups shall be involved to collected the MSW from households in non-       slum areas using 30 no.s pushcart, 19 nos tricycle an d 4 nos autotipper (Non-slum        householders : 13381 nos)

(iv) ULB would charge “ User Fee” from residents and other generators (in non-slum area)

(v) The MSW from other large generators (commercial, institutional, hotels, etc.) and        construction debris would be collected and transferred directly and disposed        apporopriately.

Step-4: Street sweeping and road side drain cleaning:

            In Gangavathi city as per survey 218.44 kms road length and 226.55 km length side drains are measured.  Among these the roads are classified into

                                    Type A :           34.73 km

                                    (daily sweeping)

                                    Type B :           76.36 km

                                    (weekly twice sweeping)

                                    Type C:            107.35 km

                                    (weekly once sweeping)

            in the action plan prepared, for street sweeping the roads are classified into 3 packages out of which 2 packages are to be outsourced and one package to be managed by the ULB.  The details of the package are as follows;

Step-5: Secondary collection and Transportation:

(i) Usage of metal containers of 3.5 m3 & 4.5 m3 each 11 no.s i.e. a total of 22 no.s       closed secondary containers are proposed for the 31 wards of the city.

(ii) MSW collected by SHG groups using pushcart, tricycle or autotippers is directly       unloaded to these sec. storage containers.

(iii) These metal containers would be mechanically handled through 2 no.s twin        container dumper placer.

(iv) The twin container dumper placer will start with 2 no.s of empty containers and        shall place the empty container properly in ther sec. strorage points with shutters        open for use and lift the filled containers.  Each vehicle will make 6 trips per day         to the landfill site.

Step-6 : Treatment and landfill operation:

            (i) A total of 17.11 Acre of land about 4.5 kms away from the city towards Northwest direction and about 1.5 km away from raichur road, is selected for the treatment and disposal of MSW.

            The selected land is in the land acquisition process with 4(1) notification belong done on 18-2-2006.  after the possession of the land, it is planned to  take up vermin-coposting (40% of MSW) and aerobic composting of wet waste, dry waste and compost and the refuse will be landfilled (Engineered landfill technology).

            Energy is gained thro the production of manure and as Gangavathi is an agricultural belt city it is expected to earn good economy by selling the manure to the farmers.

Progress on the ISWM Action Plan:-

            The landfill site is in the process of acquisition and hence the implementation of action plan is not yet started.  But the tenders have been invited for procurement of tools, equipments and vehicles required for SWM.  Once the procurement tender is done of goods are received door-to-door waste collection will be started.

IEC activity carried out in the ULB during the year:-

            IEC activity have been carried out in the city by the CMC on 5-12-05, 26-7-06 and 29-08-2006.  No NGO is involved as the fund for this purpose is awaited.  But the SWM film is screened daily in the local cable network.  A Jatha to create awareness was done in the city on 29-8-2006.

IEC activity planned in next 15 days:-

            IEC activity is planned ward wise for all 31 wards.  After the allocation/release of fund this will be done in full swing.

What are the new initiatives on the SWM front

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            These are the details to be put up on the website of the CMC regarding the health section.

Maintained by Sunitha E.E  , Contact No:08533-230243